{
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "dataset_version": "1.0",
  "coder": "local LLM (liquid/lfm2.5-1.2b) via LM Studio, per-field, temperature 0",
  "note": "Scaled, model-coded dataset over public reviews. Structural codes + provenance links only; report text is git-ignored (per-document copyright). Model-coded, not human-validated \u2014 see the paper for measured local-model reliability.",
  "n_cases": 61,
  "cases": [
    {
      "case_id": "bristol-dhr-nevaeh-2024",
      "source_type": "DHR",
      "jurisdiction": "England & Wales",
      "year": 2024,
      "title": "Bristol DHR Nevaeh",
      "publisher": "Keeping Bristol Safe Partnership",
      "url": "https://www.bristol.gov.uk/files/documents/7534-nevaeh-domestic-homicide-review-executive-summary-2024/file",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "ambulance",
        "safeguarding_partnership",
        "domestic_abuse_services",
        "police",
        "housing",
        "local_authority_leadership"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "race_or_ethnicity_factor",
        "harmful_sexual_behaviour_peer"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "investigation_launched",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "service_scaled_back",
          "agency": "cps"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "disciplinary_process",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 5,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "domestic_abuse_services"
        },
        {
          "step": 6,
          "decision_type": "children_placed",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 7,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 8,
          "decision_type": "service_scaled_back",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 9,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "voluntary_sector"
        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "information_not_shared",
        "poor_recruitment_vetting"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "cambridgeshire-cspr-ava-2025",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2025,
      "title": "Cambridgeshire CSPR Ava",
      "publisher": "Cambs & Peterborough SPB",
      "url": "https://www.safeguardingcambspeterborough.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Ava-Overview-Report.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "local_authority_leadership",
        "police",
        "childrens_social_care",
        "health_mental"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "abuse_of_position_authority",
        "intra_familial_abuse",
        "child_sexual_exploitation"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "assessment",
          "agency": null
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "strategy_or_marac_meeting",
          "agency": "safeguarding_partnership"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "health_mental"
        },
        {
          "step": 5,
          "decision_type": "strategy_or_marac_meeting",
          "agency": "safeguarding_partnership"
        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "information_not_shared",
        "leadership_failure"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "cambridgeshire-cspr-gabriel-2025",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2025,
      "title": "Cambridgeshire CSPR Gabriel",
      "publisher": "Cambs & Peterborough SPB",
      "url": "https://www.safeguardingcambspeterborough.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Gabriel-CSPR.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "inspectorate",
        "local_authority_leadership",
        "childrens_social_care",
        "police"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "race_or_ethnicity_factor",
        "intra_familial_abuse",
        "child_sexual_exploitation"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "investigation_launched",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "information_passed",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "not_escalated_to_strategic_level",
        "information_not_shared",
        "leadership_failure"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "cambridgeshire-cspr-joanne-2025",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2025,
      "title": "Cambridgeshire CSPR Joanne",
      "publisher": "Cambs & Peterborough SPB",
      "url": "https://www.safeguardingcambspeterborough.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Joanne-CSPR-August-2025.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "childrens_social_care",
        "police",
        "safeguarding_partnership",
        "health_acute",
        "cps"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "child_sexual_exploitation",
        "intra_familial_abuse"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "safeguarding_partnership"
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "investigation_launched",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "information_passed",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "safeguarding_partnership"
        },
        {
          "step": 5,
          "decision_type": "investigation_launched",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 6,
          "decision_type": "children_placed",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 7,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 8,
          "decision_type": "inspection",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "information_not_shared",
        "poor_recruitment_vetting",
        "leadership_failure"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "cambs-peterborough-thematic-cspr-nai-under-1-2025",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2025,
      "title": "Cambs & Peterborough Thematic CSPR: NAI Under 1",
      "publisher": "Cambs & Peterborough SPB",
      "url": "https://www.safeguardingcambspeterborough.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Non-Accidental-Injury-Thematic-CSPR-Report.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "childrens_social_care",
        "health_mental"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "intra_familial_abuse"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "children_placed",
          "agency": null
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "investigation_launched",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "health_mental"
        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "information_not_shared",
        "leadership_failure"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "cardiff-dhr-07-2023",
      "source_type": "DHR",
      "jurisdiction": "England & Wales",
      "year": 2023,
      "title": "Cardiff DHR-07",
      "publisher": "Cardiff CSP",
      "url": "https://www.cardiffpartnership.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DHR-07-Executive-Summary.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "domestic_abuse_services",
        "police",
        "cps",
        "housing",
        "childrens_social_care",
        "health_acute",
        "ambulance",
        "voluntary_sector"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "intra_familial_abuse",
        "unstable_housing",
        "race_or_ethnicity_factor",
        "mental_ill_health",
        "substance_use"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "investigation_launched",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "external_review_commissioned",
          "agency": "cps"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "cps"
        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "information_not_shared"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "cardiff-dhr-09-2023",
      "source_type": "DHR",
      "jurisdiction": "England & Wales",
      "year": 2023,
      "title": "Cardiff DHR-09",
      "publisher": "Cardiff CSP",
      "url": "https://www.cardiffpartnership.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DHR-09-Executive-Summary.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "domestic_abuse_services",
        "childrens_social_care",
        "police",
        "health_acute",
        "education_school",
        "voluntary_sector",
        "safeguarding_partnership"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "domestic_abuse",
        "child_sexual_exploitation",
        "intra_familial_abuse",
        "mental_ill_health",
        "substance_use",
        "residential_setting"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "external_review_commissioned",
          "agency": "safeguarding_partnership"
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "safeguarding_partnership"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "prosecution_conviction",
          "agency": "cps"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "no_further_action",
          "agency": "cps"
        },
        {
          "step": 5,
          "decision_type": "investigation_launched",
          "agency": "cps"
        },
        {
          "step": 6,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
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        },
        {
          "step": 7,
          "decision_type": "investigation_launched",
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        },
        {
          "step": 8,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "cps"
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        {
          "step": 9,
          "decision_type": "information_passed",
          "agency": "cps"
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        {
          "step": 10,
          "decision_type": "prosecution_conviction",
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        },
        {
          "step": 11,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "cps"
        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "information_not_shared"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "cheshire-east-lcspr-child-l-2023",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2023,
      "title": "Cheshire East LCSPR Child L",
      "publisher": "Cheshire East SCP",
      "url": "https://www.cescp.org.uk/pdf/publications/lcspr/child-l-final-version.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "local_authority_leadership",
        "childrens_social_care",
        "police",
        "safeguarding_partnership"
      ],
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        "child_sexual_exploitation",
        "domestic_abuse",
        "substance_use",
        "mental_ill_health",
        "intra_familial_abuse",
        "grooming",
        "race_or_ethnicity_factor",
        "disability"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "assessment",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "inspection",
          "agency": "cps"
        }
      ],
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        "leadership_failure",
        "poor_recruitment_vetting",
        "information_not_shared"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "cspr-panel-annual-report-2023-24-2025",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2025,
      "title": "CSPR Panel Annual Report 2023-24",
      "publisher": "CSPR Panel",
      "url": "https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/67c97b1dd0fba2f1334cf300/Child_Safeguarding_Practice_Review_Panel_annual_report_2023_to_2024.pdf",
      "licence": "OGL v3.0",
      "agencies": [
        "voluntary_sector",
        "local_authority_leadership"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "race_or_ethnicity_factor",
        "child_sexual_exploitation",
        "intra_familial_abuse",
        "mental_ill_health",
        "substance_use",
        "disability"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "service_scaled_back",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
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        {
          "step": 4,
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        {
          "step": 5,
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          "step": 6,
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        },
        {
          "step": 7,
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          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 8,
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          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 9,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "safeguarding_partnership"
        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "information_not_shared"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "derby-lcspr-theo-tds20-2024",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2024,
      "title": "Derby LCSPR Theo (TDS20)",
      "publisher": "Derby & Derbyshire SCP",
      "url": "https://www.ddscp.org.uk/media/derby-scb/content-assets/documents/serious-case-reviews/ddscp_tds20_lcspr_final(2)_14.03.24.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "local_authority_leadership",
        "police",
        "childrens_social_care",
        "health_mental",
        "safeguarding_partnership"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "intra_familial_abuse",
        "unstable_housing",
        "substance_use"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
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          "agency": null
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
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          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "children_placed",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 5,
          "decision_type": "children_placed",
          "agency": "safeguarding_partnership"
        },
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          "step": 6,
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          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        }
      ],
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        "information_not_shared",
        "leadership_failure"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "dorset-lcspr-edie-2024",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2024,
      "title": "Dorset LCSPR Edie",
      "publisher": "Pan-Dorset SCP",
      "url": "https://pdscp.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/FINAL-LCSPR-Edie-v2-23.04.2024.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "local_authority_leadership",
        "childrens_social_care",
        "health_mental",
        "education_school",
        "youth_custody",
        "police"
      ],
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        "race_or_ethnicity_factor",
        "mental_ill_health",
        "disability",
        "substance_use",
        "intra_familial_abuse",
        "child_sexual_exploitation",
        "unstable_housing",
        "harmful_sexual_behaviour_peer"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "investigation_launched",
          "agency": null
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "children_placed",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "investigation_launched",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 5,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 6,
          "decision_type": "service_scaled_back",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 7,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "voluntary_sector"
        },
        {
          "step": 8,
          "decision_type": "children_placed",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 9,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
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        },
        {
          "step": 10,
          "decision_type": "children_placed",
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        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "information_not_shared"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "dorset-lcspr-intra-familial-sexual-abuse-themati-2022",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2022,
      "title": "Dorset LCSPR Intra-Familial Sexual Abuse (thematic)",
      "publisher": "Pan-Dorset SCP",
      "url": "https://pdscp.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Final-Dorset-CSPR-Report-Thematic-summary-intra-familial-sexual-abuse-31.03.2022-1.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "childrens_social_care",
        "police",
        "local_authority_leadership"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "race_or_ethnicity_factor",
        "child_sexual_exploitation"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "information_passed",
          "agency": null
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "prosecution_conviction",
          "agency": "police"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "children_placed",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 5,
          "decision_type": "service_scaled_back",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 6,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "local_authority_leadership"
        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "information_not_shared",
        "leadership_failure"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "dorset-lcspr-iris-2021",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2021,
      "title": "Dorset LCSPR Iris",
      "publisher": "Pan-Dorset SCP",
      "url": "https://pdscp.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Iris-Report-Final-to-be-published.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "inspectorate",
        "childrens_social_care",
        "domestic_abuse_services"
      ],
      "risk_indicators": [
        "race_or_ethnicity_factor",
        "mental_ill_health",
        "intra_familial_abuse",
        "substance_use",
        "child_sexual_exploitation"
      ],
      "decisions": [
        {
          "step": 1,
          "decision_type": "assessment",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 2,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "domestic_abuse_services"
        },
        {
          "step": 3,
          "decision_type": "external_review_commissioned",
          "agency": "domestic_abuse_services"
        },
        {
          "step": 4,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "domestic_abuse_services"
        },
        {
          "step": 5,
          "decision_type": "external_review_commissioned",
          "agency": "childrens_social_care"
        },
        {
          "step": 6,
          "decision_type": "referral_made",
          "agency": "domestic_abuse_services"
        },
        {
          "step": 7,
          "decision_type": "external_review_commissioned",
          "agency": "domestic_abuse_services"
        }
      ],
      "integrity_flags": [
        "information_not_shared",
        "leadership_failure"
      ]
    },
    {
      "case_id": "dorset-lcspr-the-siblings-2022",
      "source_type": "CSPR",
      "jurisdiction": "England",
      "year": 2022,
      "title": "Dorset LCSPR The Siblings",
      "publisher": "Pan-Dorset SCP",
      "url": "https://pdscp.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/FINAL-LCSPR-Report-The-Siblings-05.08.2022-1.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
      "agencies": [
        "local_authority_leadership",
        "childrens_social_care",
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        "poor_recruitment_vetting"
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      "year": 2017,
      "title": "Dorset SCR Family S25",
      "publisher": "Pan-Dorset SCP",
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    },
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      "title": "Dorset SCR Family S26",
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        },
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      ],
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      ],
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      "url": "https://www.esscp.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/ESSCP-Learning-Briefing-Child-6-Rapid-Review-FEB-2026.pdf",
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      "year": 2022,
      "title": "Herefordshire LCSPR Roo",
      "publisher": "Herefordshire SCP",
      "url": "https://www.hsscp.co.uk/media/1121/hsscp-lcspr-roo-pdf.pdf",
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        "safeguarding_partnership"
      ],
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        "intra_familial_abuse",
        "substance_use"
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      "year": 2018,
      "title": "IICSA Cambridge House, Knowl View & Rochdale",
      "publisher": "IICSA",
      "url": "https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5ae08d3b40f0b60a9a985bf6/HC_954-III_-_IICSA_Rochdale_Report_Web_Accessible.pdf",
      "licence": "OGL v3.0",
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        "cps"
      ],
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    },
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      "case_id": "iicsa-cse-by-organised-networks-2022",
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      "year": 2022,
      "title": "IICSA CSE by Organised Networks",
      "publisher": "IICSA",
      "url": "https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/61f926b0e90e0768a4477f22/child-sexual-abuse-organised-networks-investigation-report-february-2022.pdf",
      "licence": "OGL v3.0",
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      ],
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      ],
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      "year": 2022,
      "title": "IICSA Final Report Vol 2 (2022)",
      "publisher": "IICSA",
      "url": "https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/634feca7d3bf7f618eda953e/20pt-ELAY-vol2-the-report-independent-inquiry-into-child-sexual-abuse-october-2022.pdf",
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        "childrens_social_care"
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      "year": 2018,
      "title": "IICSA Interim Report (2018)",
      "publisher": "IICSA",
      "url": "https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5ae086e740f0b60a9a985bd0/HC_954-I_-_IICSA_Interim_Report_Web_Accessible.pdf",
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      "year": 2022,
      "title": "IICSA Investigation Reports Combined Vol 1",
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      "url": "https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/631742cb8fa8f5021841c4d1/E02733227_HC_646_IICSA_Inv_Report_Combined_Volume_1_ELAY.pdf",
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    {
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      "year": 2022,
      "title": "IICSA Investigation Reports Combined Vol 3",
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      "agencies": [
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      "year": 2022,
      "title": "IICSA Investigation Reports Combined Vol 4",
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      "case_id": "iicsa-lambeth-council-investigation-2021",
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      "url": "https://www.newhamscp.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/SCR-Report-Child-L.pdf",
      "licence": "per-document",
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      "title": "Safer Derbyshire DHR 2023-4",
      "publisher": "Safer Derbyshire",
      "url": "https://www.saferderbyshire.gov.uk/site-elements/documents/pdf/dhr2023-4-executive-summary-final.pdf",
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      ],
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      "title": "Solihull DHR 11",
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      "url": "https://www.solihull.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2026-02/Domestic-Homicide-Review-11-Executive-Summary.pdf",
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      "agencies": [
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      ],
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      "title": "Solihull DHR 5",
      "publisher": "Safer Solihull",
      "url": "https://www.solihull.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2022-12/Domestic-Homicide-Review-Executive-Summary-5.pdf",
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      "case_id": "solihull-dhr-8-2024",
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        "childrens_social_care"
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        {
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      "url": "https://www.torbaysafeguarding.org.uk/media/1464/c85-publication-final-30-09-21.pdf",
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      "case_id": "torbay-scr-c74-2019",
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      "year": 2019,
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    {
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      "year": 2022,
      "title": "VKPP Domestic Homicides & Suspected Suicides 2021-22",
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}